Food Allergies
Food allergies are an immune reaction to proteins
within the food. The immune system reacts adversely to the protein, creating antibodies
called Immunoglobulin E. This is abbreviated to IgE. The next time the food is consumed,
the food protein binds with the antibodies and the mast cells release histamine. When the
body fails to stop the production of histamine, allergic reaction symptoms are triggered.
The symptoms of a mild reaction include, raised temperature, itchy or blotchy skin,
skin rashes or hives, abdominal pain, feeling sick or vomiting, heart palpitations and
finally, general weakness. With a severe reaction, the signs include, swelling of the
neck or the throat, severe asthma, collapse and unconsciousness, anaphylaxis and
finally, in extreme cases, this can lead to death. The best treatment is to avoid
the allergen in the first place. If someone has come into contact, you will need to
remove the allergen from them and the local area. Seek medical advice by calling 999 or 112, if
necessary. And if they have it, encourage them to take their medication. We will look at
anaphylactic reactions in a separate video.
Understanding Food Allergies: Symptoms, Reactions, and Treatment
What are Food Allergies?
Food allergies trigger an immune response to specific food proteins:
- Immune Reaction: Antibodies like Immunoglobulin E (IgE) react to food proteins, causing allergic symptoms.
- Histamine Release: Mast cells release histamine upon subsequent exposure, leading to allergic symptoms.
Symptoms of Food Allergies
Food allergy symptoms can vary from mild to severe:
- Mild Reaction: Raised temperature, itchy skin, rashes, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, heart palpitations, weakness.
- Severe Reaction (Anaphylaxis): Swelling of the neck or throat, severe asthma, collapse, unconsciousness, potential fatality.
Treatment and Management
The primary approach to managing food allergies:
- Avoidance: Prevent exposure to allergens to minimize reactions.
- Immediate Action: Remove allergen, seek emergency medical assistance (call 999 or 112), encourage medication use.
Note: Anaphylactic reactions are covered in a separate video.